Castor Oil for the Appearance of Fine Lines & Wrinkles

castor oil, Castor Oil for fine lines, Castor Oil for wrinkles, facial care, Inflamed eyes, Other, skin care, skin health, Sore eyes | 5 comments

Queen of the Thrones castor oil for wrinkles

Castor Oil for the Appearance of Fine Lines & Wrinkles

Written by: Heather Tanti R.P.N (non-practicing)

Reviewed by: Melanie Swackhammer B.A.

Est. reading time: 9 minutes

In our lifetime, our skin tells a unique story of our journey. Over time, that story can be etched in fine lines and wrinkles, marking the chapters of our experiences. While these signs of wisdom are a testament to a life well-lived, there’s no harm in wanting to preserve our youthful glow for a little longer, agreed?

This is where Castor Oil comes in as a natural elixir with an age-old secret.

In a time of ever-evolving beauty routines, it’s easy to overlook the simplicity of this humble oil. In this blog you’ll discover the wonders of Castor Oil as a trusted companion in your daily beauty routine.

So, if you’re ready to explore a natural path to timeless radiance, keep reading- because the journey begins here!

Castor Oil for the look of eye wrinkles

Let’s begin with the windows to our soul- our eyes.

They say that our eyes reveal our innermost thoughts and emotions, but they also reveal the passage of time in the form of fine lines and crow’s feet. Can you relate?

The delicate skin around our eyes is often the first to show signs of aging. It’s as if our laughter, our tears, and every squint in the sun leave their traces there, right?

But don’t worry; Castor Oil is here to bring you natural support that you can feel good about.

Have you ever wondered why Castor Oil is considered an age-old beauty secret? It’s pretty simple really, this thick, nourishing oil is packed with essential fatty acids like omega-6 and 9, along with vitamin E¹ that offer deep hydration, and help bring radiance back into your skin.

Amazing, agreed?

Plus, when you combine your Queen of the Thrones® Organic Golden Castor Oil with a Queen of the Thrones® Castor Oil Beauty Mask, you’re taking your self-care and beauty routine one step further.

Imagine waking up in the morning with eyes that feel refreshed and vibrant. Sounds good, doesn’t it?

Castor Oil for smoothing the appearance of smile lines

Next in our timeless beauty talk is an area that often gets overlooked- our lips. Yes, that radiant smile can also succumb to the signs of aging, but don’t let that keep you from smiling!

If you haven’t noticed already, the skin on our lips is extremely thin and sensitive, making it prone to fine lines and wrinkles, especially as the years go by. But don’t despair; here comes Castor Oil to your aid once again!

Think of Castor Oil as your hydration hero, and when it comes to lip care, it works wonders. Its thick consistency helps lock in moisture and keep your lips feeling soft and supple.

Oh, and you know those little lines that can appear around your lips? Often referred to as ‘laugh lines’, these etches of time can be supported, creating a smoother-looking appearance naturally with, you guessed it- Castor Oil!

Furthermore, Castor Oil is rich in essential fatty acids and vitamins that nourish the skin on and around your lips.

After all, who doesn’t want lips that feel as vibrant as ever, agreed?

Queen of the Thrones beauty mask testimony

Castor Oil for lessening the look of forehead wrinkles

As we continue our exploration of Castor Oil’s wonderful beauty benefits, let’s now turn our attention to a specific area that often bears the weight of our emotions- the forehead.

Forehead wrinkles, sometimes endearingly referred to as “worry lines”, can add character to our face. They tell a story of our ups and downs… but for some, they can also be a reminder of time passing.

Can you relate?

That’s why Queen of the Thrones® Organic Golden Castor Oil is here with its natural goodness to gently smooth out the sands of time.

Queen of the Thrones golden castor oil feature

Did you know that the skin on our forehead is particularly susceptible to wrinkles because it’s constantly in motion? Think about it; we raise our eyebrows, frown, and express ourselves day in and day out. Over time, these repeated movements can lead to the development of fine lines and wrinkles.

This is where Castor Oil shines.

With its thick, hydrating nature, it works as an excellent moisturizer for the skin. And with regular application, you can help bring hydration to the skin on your forehead, like a well-deserved drink of nourishment.

But buyer beware, not all Castor Oil is created equally. Because Castor Oil is a carrier oil, you want to ensure you are using the best quality possible.

Queen of the Thrones® Castor Oil is always:

- Certified organic – avoiding pesticides, herbicides and GMOs.
- Extra virgin – the golden standard, first press of oil.
- Hexane-free – processed without solvents like hexane which is a known nervous system and hormone disruptor.²
- 100% pure – no additives, preservatives or anything other than straight up Castor Oil.
- Bottled in amber glass – to preserve the quality and nutrient profile of the oil, and avoid toxic chemicals found in plastic containers such as UV filters, slip agents, and BPA.

Would you love even more ways to use Castor Oil for beauty?

GET YOUR CASTOR OIL RECIPES HERE!

Castor Oil for minimizing the appearance of neck wrinkles

Aging is a blessing, would you agree? But, it’s not without its moments of reflection. For many of us, one of the most telling signs of time’s passage is the appearance of wrinkles on our neck.

These lines often come hand-in-hand with a mix of emotions, as they signify the chapters of our lives. Can you relate?

Queen of the Thrones Castor oil for neck wrinkles

Because the skin on our neck is thinner and more delicate, it is especially prone to the effects of aging. When neck wrinkles make their debut it can be bittersweet; a reminder of the joys, challenges, and experiences that have shaped us.

This is where Castor Oil steps in with its gentle, nurturing embrace.

Applying this oil to your neck is like giving yourself a warm, compassionate hug. Plus, the thick, moisturizing nature of it helps to hydrate and nourish the delicate skin in that area.

The result? Youthful-looking, revitalized skin!

Looking for more ways to support the skin on your neck? The Queen of the Thrones® Thyroid Castor Oil Pack may help bring targeted nourishment to the delicate skin in this area.

It’s important to remember that as we explore the uses of Castor Oil for fine lines and wrinkles, that embracing the signs of aging is also an act of self-love. These lines are not just markers of time, but also etchings of a life well-lived.

At Queen of the Thrones®, we believe that every wrinkle tells a story worth celebrating.

Castor Oil as a facial moisturizer

We’ve journeyed through the landscape of ageless beauty, exploring how Castor Oil can help reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles– from eyes to lips, forehead to neck. But now, let’s return to the center stage that is our face- the canvas of our experiences and emotions.

Your face is a reflection of your inner world, would you agree?

Queen of the Thrones Organic Golden Castor oil for brighten skin

This means that keeping it well moisturized is essential for maintaining that youthful-looking, radiant glow we all love. Thankfully, Castor Oil can play a pivotal role as a natural facial moisturizer.

When it comes to skincare, simplicity is often the key to achieving timeless beauty, agreed? Castor Oil, with its deeply hydrating properties, provides a nourishing foundation for your daily skincare routine.

When you apply Castor Oil to your face, it’s not just about hydration; it’s also about balance.

Castor Oil may help support your skin’s natural balance, making it suitable for all skin types. It’s as if it understands your skin’s unique needs and adapts accordingly!

Pretty amazing, right?

Furthermore, because of its rich composition of fatty acids, it assists in supporting your skin from external stressors. Think of it like a shield that safeguards your face against the wear and tear of daily life!

How to use Castor Oil for the appearance of crow’s feet, smile lines and wrinkles

Queen of the Thrones Castor oil skin care routine

Cleanse your skin: Wash your face with warm water or a gentle cleanser and pat dry with a clean towel.
Application: Take a dime-sized dollop of Castor Oil on your fingertips. Gently dab the oil on the areas with crows feet, smile lines and wrinkles.
Massage: Using your fingertips, gently massage the oil into your skin in circular motions for 1-2 mins. Be gentle around the delicate eye area.
Leave it be!: Let the Castor Oil absorb into your skin. You can either leave it on overnight or just enjoy it as a daily moisturizer for your skin!

Conclusion

As we come to the end of our journey of Castor Oil’s ageless beauty secrets, let’s take a moment to reflect on the profound wisdom that time gives us.

Fine lines and wrinkles, whether they grace our eyes, lips, forehead, neck or face, are like pages of a book we’ve authored with the pen of life itself. They tell stories of laughter, tears, challenges and triumphs. They speak of a life truly lived, full of experiences that have made us who we are today.

In our search for ageless beauty, and ways to stall the hands of time, Castor Oil can support us.

But remember, these lines, these wrinkles, they’re not our enemies; they’re our companions in this beautiful journey called life. Celebrate the beauty of each wrinkle, and the memories they store.

So, my fellow travelers on the path to ageless beauty, let’s appreciate the passage of time and the wonders of Mother Nature’s Castor Oil as our trusted companion in all things beauty.

Are you a practitioner, health coach or wellness influencer? If you’re interested in recommending our easy-to-use tools and practically applying them in your health and wellness professional practice, in clinic, or online with the people you serve, you can join now!

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Click here for references

1.Yeboah A., Ying S., Lu J., Xie Y., Amoanimaa-Dede H., Boateng K.G.A., Chen M., Yin X. Castor oil (Ricinus communis): A review on the chemical composition and physicochemical properties. Food Sci. Technol. 2020;41:399–413. doi: 10.1590/fst.19620. [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]

2. Zhang LJ, Feng WT, Liu JJ. [Progress on the mechanism of n-hexane induced toxic effects in vitro and in vivo]. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi. 2023 May 20;41(5):388-396. Chinese. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20220303-00109. PMID: 37248089.

3. Purnamawati S, Indrastuti N, Danarti R, Saefudin T. The Role of Moisturizers in Addressing Various Kinds of Dermatitis: A Review. Clin Med Res. 2017 Dec;15(3-4):75-87. doi: 10.3121/cmr.2017.1363. Epub 2017 Dec 11. PMID: 29229630; PMCID: PMC5849435.

What is the Difference Between Cold-Pressed vs Expeller-Pressed Castor Oil

castor oil, castor oil packs, Essential Oil, hormonal health, Liver Detox, Lymphatic Detox, Organic Castor Oil, Other, Thyrod imbalance | 0 comments

Queen of the Thrones Castor Oil in different sizes

What is the Difference Between Cold-Pressed vs Expeller-Pressed Castor Oil

Written by: Victoria Williams R.H.N.

How do you know you’re getting top quality Castor Oil? Is it enough to know that it’s organic? Or how about the extraction method? Have you ever wondered what the terms, cold-pressed or expeller-pressed mean or wondered how the extraction method of your Castor Oil affects its quality, and more importantly, its nutrient integrity?

Afterall, you use Castor Oil because it’s loaded with nutrients, agreed? So, let’s explore the different extraction methods, how they work, their uses, and how all these factors affect that luscious oil you know and love.

Key Points:

Castor Oil has a high stability level that makes it able to withstand high temperatures.
Castor Oil’s nutrients likely do not begin to break down until the oil is exposed to 302°F (150°C).
Expeller pressing only exposes the oil to 140-210°F (60-99°C).

The variable nature of Castor Oil

When buying large quantities of bulk Castor Oil, suppliers like Queen of the Thrones® must consider the quality of the beans themselves, the extraction, then choose the best quality oil based on the results of third-party testing.

As with any crop, the castor bean is affected by many environmental conditions. Sometimes the crop is abundant with super healthy castor beans, and other times the crop may be scanty.

Because of this, Castor Oil, whether expeller or cold-pressed, goes through rigorous testing to determine if the product meets nutrient requirements. Here at Queen of the Thrones® we use a third party to test our Castor Oil, and from there we make a decision on whether to buy it.

Does expeller-pressing destroy nutrients?

It’s important to remember that because Castor Oil is a natural product, its composition may vary from batch to batch.

Sometimes cold-pressed Castor Oil may test better, while other times, expeller-pressed Castor Oil may be the optimal choice. Every batch of Castor Oil is unique, and the quality must be verified through testing.

Third-party testing of Queen of the Thrones® expeller-pressed Castor Oil shows that it meets key specifications, including fatty acids/ricinoleic acid profile and saponification within the same strict range of standards as cold-pressed Castor Oil.

For this reason, we may switch back and forth between cold and expeller pressed from time to time, depending on the quality of oil available on the market.

So whether you use it in an Original Castor Oil Pack , Neck Castor Oil Pack, Pelvic Castor Oil Pack, or Castor Oil Beauty Mask, remember that rigorous testing ensures the safety and quality of the Queen of the Thrones® Castor Oil.

From bean to oil: Castor Oil extraction

The Castor Bean Extraction Process:

Organic Castor Oil extraction by Queen of the Thrones

Stage 1: Seed Collection

Ripe castor plants are selected for seed collection. The process begins by exposing these plants to the sun’s warmth, causing them to split open naturally, allowing the seeds to be gathered.

Stage 2: Dehulling

The castor seeds are stripped of their outer layers, a process that can be done manually or mechanically with the assistance of a castor bean dehuller.

Stage 3: Cleaning

After dehulling, the seeds undergo a thorough cleaning process to eliminate impurities such as sand, leaves, sticks, stems, and dirt. A seed cleaner equipped with revolving screens or reels is employed for this purpose.

Stage 4: Drying

To reduce moisture content and catalyze the extraction process, cleaned seeds are gently heated in a steam-jacketed vessel. This step hardens the seeds, preparing them for pressing.

Stage 5: Cold or Expeller Pressed

High-pressure crushing of seeds occurs in this stage. The extracted oil is filtered, and the residual bulk is blended with fresh seeds for further pressing, while the resulting residual bulk is referred to as Castor Cake.

Stage 6: Filtration

The oil is filtered through a fine filtration system to remove both small and large impurities.

Stage 7: Packaging

The final stage in processing is packaging the oil into steel or plastic drums (Queen of the Thrones® Castor Oil is always in steel) to transport it to a bottling facility.

Stage 8: Bottling

The Castor Oil is bottled into its final container, either plastic or glass, and ready for the wellness consumer to purchase (Queen of the Thrones® Castor Oil will ALWAYS be bottled in glass!).

What is the difference between expeller and cold-pressed Castor Oil?

Expeller-Pressed Oils

The expeller pressing method involves physically pressing castor beans to extract the oils, avoiding the use of chemicals. While this technique employs pressure for oil extraction, the pressure itself can generate temperatures between 140-210°F, so it is not considered a true “cold processed” method.

Expeller pressing is a more efficient method of extraction because the heat that is produced helps extract MORE oil, meaning a higher yield is produced, and less of the plant is wasted. While this heat is higher than in cold pressing, it is still considered relatively low.

Cold-Pressed Oils

Cold pressing oil, on the other hand, also generates heat, but it does not surpass 122°F during extraction.
In this process, the oil is extracted using methods such as bladder pressing (for softer fruits), hydraulic pressing, or low-resistance expeller pressing to ensure the temperature stays below 122°F. Sometimes cold water may be run through the machine to keep temperatures cooler.

How Castor Oil’s composition protects its nutrients from heat exposure

Castor Oil is rich and viscous. If you’ve used it, you’re familiar with its thick, sticky texture. And while this can make it messy to work with, it also helps protect its nutrients from heat. Castor Oil is considered to have a very high stability level, thanks to the high percentage of ricinoleic acid, which “…does not oxidize easily.” ¹

Queen of the Thrones Castor oil cold vs expeller pressed

The oxidative stability of Castor Oil is 230°F^{1 2}, and it doesn’t disintegrate until temperatures above 302°F³. So basically, the nutrients in Castor Oil likely don’t start to break down until it reaches these high temperatures.

So, how does this play into the extraction method?

Expeller pressing can expose the oil to temperatures up to 210°F, while cold pressing exposes the oil to up to 122°F – so neither method comes close to damaging the oil.

But when it comes to heat and extraction methods, it appears that Castor Oil’s nutrients stay intact. Why? Because the oil must reach 230°F before it begins oxidizing and the nutrients start to break down.

And this is amazing because you can rest easy with the knowledge that the Castor Oil you know and love so much is also providing you with the nutrients you expect it to have!

Castor oil uses and benefits

supportIf you’re reading this, you probably already know how Castor Oil is used, but just in case you don’t, we’re going to give you a thumbnail of its uses here.

Castor Oil has been used since ancient times as a beauty aid, moisturizer, and most importantly, in Castor Oil Packs.

The Original Castor Oil Pack is the most well known application for Castor Oil because they are thought to have the most support for your wellness when worn over the abdominal area.

A Neck Castor Oil Pack is thought to have similar support when worn over the neck, but is famously known for helping to reduce the appearance of aging and wrinkles on the neck… Sounds wonderful, agreed?

Another common use of Castor Oil Packs is in the Pelvic area. Beloved by women (and men) of all ages, a pack worn in this area is thought energize the area, while helping to nourish the skin.

Chest Castor Oil Packs are thought to focus self-care on the chest area, while helping to support the appearance of the tightness of the skin.

Lastly, the Castor Oil Beauty Mask is a fan favorite because Castor Oil is well known for supporting the appearance of crow’s feet and dark circles, as well as supporting thick luscious lashes and bold beautiful brows. Not only that, but wearing a Castor Oil Beauty Mask may help support a more restful sleep by helping to block out distractions and disruptors.

You can see why it is such a well-loved oil, agreed?

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Click here for references

1. Harhar & al. Chemical characterization and oxidative stability of castor oil grown in Morocco. Moroccan Journal of Chemistry 4 N°2 (2016) 279-284

2. Ntsako Portia Chauke, Hembe Elie Mukaya, Diakanua Bavon Nkazi Chemical modifications of castor oil: A review. Science Progress 2019, Vol. 102(3) 199–217 © The Author(s) 2019

3. Patel VR, Dumancas GG, Kasi Viswanath LC, Maples R, Subong BJ. Castor Oil: Properties, Uses, and Optimization of Processing Parameters in Commercial Production. Lipid Insights. 2016 Sep 7;9:1-12. doi: 10.4137/LPI.S40233. PMID: 27656091; PMCID: PMC5015816.

Disclaimer

Disclaimer: Any opinions, advice, statements, services, offers, information or content expressed or made available by third parties, including information providers, are those of the respective authors or distributors. Neither Queen of the Thrones® nor any third-party provider of information guarantees the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any content. This communication does not create a doctor-patient relationship. Information provided does not replace the advice of your health care practitioner. If you happen to purchase anything we promote, in this or any of our communications, it’s likely Queen of the Thrones® will receive some kind of affiliate compensation. Still, we only promote content and products that we truly believe in and share with our friends, family and patients. If you ever have a concern with anything we share, please let us know at care@old.queenofthethrones.com. We want to make sure we are always serving Our Queendom at the highest level.

Seed Cycle with Castor Oil Packs for Natural Hormone Balance.

castor oil, castor oil packs, health, hormonal health, Hormone Imbalance, hormones, Leaky Gut, Other, period pain, Periods, Seed cycling, stress, Thyrod imbalance | 0 comments

Seed Cycle with Queen of the Thornes Castor Oil Packs for Natural Hormone Balance

Seed Cycle with Castor Oil Packs for Natural Hormone Balance.

Written by: Marisol Teijeiro N.D. (inactive) & Melanie Swackhammer B.A.
Medically reviewed by: Victoria Williams R.H.N.

Est. reading time: 8 minutes.

So you may think you know what it feels like to experience hormone imbalance because of your irregular period, cravings and mood swings, right? You’re in the right place because those aren’t the only symptoms that indicate hormone problems.

Queen of the Thrones Castor Oil Packs is the Best Alternative for Hormonal Problems

You see, it goes way beyond that with gut health issues, bloating and a myriad of other symptoms that don’t seem to be related to your hormone imbalance. But, they are all related and sadly, they have the power to disrupt the way your whole body functions.

Is the seed cycling protocol the most effective method?

Even though the ingredients used in this protocol have nutritional, phytochemical and hormone-balancing merit, research in all aspects of natural hormonal balance is truly in its infancy.

Much is still needed to be uncovered, and one finds the discrepancy between studies, making it difficult to get the facts regarding the efficacy of the ingredients and the total benefit of this protocol.

As an example, flax seeds, in a 1999 study, were considered, due to their lignan content, to enhance the excretion of healthy estrogen metabolites, suggesting that a dose-dependent relationship of flax seeds, up to 10 grams per day, over a 3-7 week period, potentially reduced breast cancer risk.¹

10 years later, in a 2010 study, the results weren’t mimicked. Daily intake of flax seeds in the study, as high as 15g/day, by the end of a 12 week period, demonstrated an increase in urinary excretion of the healthy metabolite.² The opposite of the initial study, concluding more research is needed to get the answer.

It’s common in Integrative and Functional Medical Practitioners’ health practices to use urinary hormone metabolites, like those used in these studies to understand the changes and hormonal fluxes experienced in hormone metabolites with treatments.

And, as always, research is ongoing.

Practitioners should prescribe the single seed cycling protocol and Queen of the Thrones Castor Oil Packs for hormone imbalance

GET YOUR HORMONAL CYCLING EGUIDE NOW!

Is seed cycling an effective method to support hormone imbalance?

Queen of the Thrones® Castor Oil Packs improve Gut health and Absorption

While ingesting seeds like flax, pumpkin, sesame and sunflower are great sources of fiber, improving gut health, consuming too much can lead to an inflamed gut lining and other unwanted gut health issues. .³

You see, you don’t need to be ‘overfeeding’ yourself the same foods over and over again each day, this often is just a recipe for gut inflammation and leaky gut.

In seed cycling therapy, the healthy fats present in the seeds are thought to play a role in supporting hormonal levels. One study done on lactating cows demonstrated that feed high in Omega-6 impacted and nourished the endometrial lining by stimulating the prostaglandin E2 receptor (PGE2), an anti-inflammatory immune system messenger.⁴

This is similar to the effect of Castor Oil Packs done on the pelvic region. .

Please be reminded that what happens in a cow with 2 stomachs that is lactating and eating a purely vegetarian diet is likely very different from what occurs in your human body. Makes sense, agreed?

But at the end of the day, eating seeds, like flax, pumkin, sesame and sunflower, may offer many other benefits beyond hormonal balancing effects even just being a source of fiber and can support gut health.

At the very least, improving the frequency of bowel movements that we know optimizes gut health and indirectly has benefits on hormonal balance.

I don’t know about you, but I’m good with trying natural foods (trying to make my food my medicine) even if it’s not understood how and why it works – but like anything keeping things in balance and not overdoing it is key.

DOWNLOAD YOUR HORMONAL CYCLING WITH THE MOON EGUIDE!

Could there be an easier way to support natural hormone balancing? Well, let me ask you this, have you ever considered…

Castor Oil Packs for hormone regulation

Queen of the Thrones®️ Castor Oil Packs can be used by practitioners as a “Single” Seed Cycling protocol alternative to the traditional seed cycling protocol.

The Castor Oil Packs for this practice can be found in your Hormone Balance & Detox Kit.

Castor Oil Packs, when worn daily on different parts of your body (over the liver, over your pelvic region, over your thyroid) on different weeks of your cycle, can be a beneficial alternative to orally consuming seeds.

Queen of the Thrones Castor Oil Pack are the best remedy for Hormone Imbalance

This topical application regulates gut irritation, calming the body and brings your hormones back to a state of balance.

Because we know that hormonal balance must be supported in order to prevent disease, the practice of “Single” Seed Cycling for hormone imbalance makes the use of Queen of the Thrones®️ Castor Oil Packs a true foundational treatment in regular health practice.

DISCOVER MORE WITH YOUR HORMONAL CYCLING EGUIDE!

To deepen your knowledge, here are a few blogs you’ll want to read as well:

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Click here for references

1. Haggans CJ, Hutchins AM, Olson BA, Thomas W, Martini MC, Slavin JL. Effect of flaxseed consumption on urinary estrogen metabolites in postmenopausal women. Nutr Cancer. 1999;33(2):188-95. doi: 10.1207/S15327914NC330211. PMID: 10368815.

2. Sturgeon SR, Volpe SL, Puleo E, Bertone-Johnson ER, Heersink J, Sabelawski S, Wahala K, Bigelow C, Kurzer MS. Effect of flaxseed consumption on urinary levels of estrogen metabolites in postmenopausal women. Nutr Cancer. 2010;62(2):175-80. doi: 10.1080/01635580903305342. PMID: 20099191.

3. Strowig T, Henao-Mejia J, Elinav E, Flavell R. Inflammasomes in health and disease. Nature. 2012 Jan 18;481(7381):278-86. doi: 10.1038/nature10759. PMID: 22258606.

4. Dirandeh E, Towhidi A, Pirsaraei ZA, Saberifar T, Akhlaghi A, Roodbari AR. The endometrial expression of prostaglandin cascade components in lactating dairy cows fed different polyunsaturated fatty acids. Theriogenology. 2015 Jan 15;83(2):206-12. doi: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2014.09.011. Epub 2014 Sep 19. PMID: 25312818.